Miniaturization of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Fractal Geometry
Hameedullah Khan Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar, Pakistan Email: 19pwele5523@uetpeshawar.edu.pk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35444/IJANA.2024.16301Keywords:
Fractal antenna, Inset-fed, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Miniaturization, Sierpinski CarpetAbstract
This paper demonstrates the miniaturization of microstrip patch antenna through the induction of fractal geometry. By using the space filling properties of fractals, a unique patch antenna operating at 2.20 GHz is achieved as compared to conventional antenna which is operating at 2.46 GHz frequency, this is due to the increase of electrical length which is inversely proportional to operating frequency. The design starts with an insert-fed patch antenna which is subjected to fractal iteration using a new version of Sierpinski fractal up to the 3rd iteration. Experimental results show size reduction of 31%, 32% and 33% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd iterations respectively. Not only size is reduced but also the antenna maintains performance characteristics such as reflection loss, impedance matching, antenna gain. Additionally, the propose design achieves an increase bandwidth of over 3%, which illustrates the performance get better while maintaining the frequency. The results are evidence that proposed design provides superior size reduction and improved the bandwidth to previous design.
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